Which psychological disorder is characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions?

The psychological disorder characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions is Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). In OCD, individuals experience persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that create significant anxiety or discomfort. To alleviate this distress, they engage in certain behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) that they feel compelled to perform. These compulsive actions are often aimed at reducing the anxiety associated with the obsessions, but they typically offer only temporary relief and can interfere with daily life.

OCD can manifest in various forms, such as repetitive hand washing, checking, counting, or repeating certain phrases or actions. The cycle of obsessions and compulsions becomes distressing and can lead to various impairments in personal, social, and occupational functioning, making it distinct from other anxiety disorders that do not specifically involve these compulsive behaviors. Understanding the nature of OCD is crucial for effective treatment and support for those affected by it.